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@ARTICLE{LawonnSmit-2017-Survey,
author = {Lawonn, K. and Smit, N.N. and B{\"u}hler, K. and Preim, B.},
title = {A Survey on Multimodal Medical Data Visualization},
journal = {Computer Graphics Forum},
year = {2017}
issn = {1467-8659},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13306},
doi = {10.1111/cgf.13306},
keywords = {medical imaging, visualization, scientific visualization, visualization, volume visualization, visualization, Medical Imaging [Visualization], Scientific Visualization [Visualization], Volume Visualization [Visualization], Multimodal Medical Data},
abstract = {Multi-modal data of the complex human anatomy contain a wealth of information. To visualize and explore such data, techniques for emphasizing important structures and controlling visibility are essential. Such fused overview visualizations guide physicians to suspicious regions to be analysed in detail, e.g. with slice-based viewing. We give an overview of state of the art in multi-modal medical data visualization techniques. Multi-modal medical data consist of multiple scans of the same subject using various acquisition methods, often combining multiple complimentary types of information. Three-dimensional visualization techniques for multi-modal medical data can be used in diagnosis, treatment planning, doctor–patient communication as well as interdisciplinary communication. Over the years, multiple techniques have been developed in order to cope with the various associated challenges and present the relevant information from multiple sources in an insightful way. We present an overview of these techniques and analyse the specific challenges that arise in multi-modal data visualization and how recent works aimed to solve these, often using smart visibility techniques. We provide a taxonomy of these multi-modal visualization applications based on the modalities used and the visualization techniques employed. Additionally, we identify unsolved problems as potential future research directions.},
note = {CGF Early View},
  images = {images/LawonnSmit-2017-MULTI.JPG},
  pdf = {pdfs/LawonnSmit-2017-MULTI.pdf},
  thumbnails = {images/LawonnSmit-2017-MULTI.PNG}
}

@ARTICLE{Smit-2017-PAS,
  author = {Noeska Smit and Kai Lawonn and Annelot Kraima and Marco DeRuiter
	and Hessam Sokooti and Stefan Bruckner and Elmar Eisemann and Anna
	Vilanova},
  title = {PelVis: Atlas-based Surgical Planning for Oncological Pelvic Surgery},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics},
  year = {2017},
  volume = {23},
  number = {1},
  month = jan,
  pages= {741--750},
  note = {Presented at IEEE SciVis 2016},
  abstract = {Due to the intricate relationship between the pelvic organs and vital
	structures, such as vessels and nerves, pelvic anatomy is often considered
	to be complex to comprehend. In oncological pelvic surgery, a trade-off
	has to be made between complete tumor resection and preserving function
	by preventing damage to the nerves. Damage to the autonomic nerves
	causes undesirable post-operative side-effects such as fecal and
	urinal incontinence, as well as sexual dysfunction in up to 80 percent
	of the cases. Since these autonomic nerves are not visible in pre-operative
	MRI scans or during surgery, avoiding nerve damage during such a
	surgical procedure becomes challenging. In this work, we present
	visualization methods to represent context, target, and risk structures
	for surgical planning. We employ distance-based and occlusion management
	techniques in an atlas-based surgical planning tool for oncological
	pelvic surgery. Patient-specific pre-operative MRI scans are registered
	to an atlas model that includes nerve information. Through several
	interactive linked views, the spatial relationships and distances
	between the organs, tumor and risk zones are visualized to improve
	understanding, while avoiding occlusion. In this way, the surgeon
	can examine surgically relevant structures and plan the procedure
	before going into the operating theater, thus raising awareness of
	the autonomic nerve zone regions and potentially reducing post-operative
	complications. Furthermore, we present the results of a domain expert
	evaluation with surgical oncologists that demonstrates the advantages
	of our approach.},
  event = {IEEE SciVis 2016},
  images = {images/Smit-2017-PAS.jpg},
  keywords = {atlas, surgical planning, medical visualization},
  location = {Baltimore, USA},
  pdf = {pdfs/Smit-2016-PAS.pdf},
  thumbnails = {images/Smit-2017-PAS.png}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Smit-2016-SLINE,
  author = {Nils Lichtenberg and Noeska Smit and Christian Hansen and Kai Lawonn},
  title = {Sline: Seamless Line Illustration for Interactive Biomedical Visualization},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of VCBM 2016},
  year = {2016},
  month = sep,
  abstract = {In medical visualization of surface information, problems often arise when visualizing several overlapping structures simultaneously. There is a trade-off between visualizing multiple structures in a detailed way and limiting visual clutter, in order to allow users to focus on the main structures. Illustrative visualization techniques can help alleviate these problems by defining a level of abstraction per structure. However, clinical uptake of these advanced visualization techniques so far has been limited due to the complex parameter settings required. To bring advanced medical visualization closer to clinical application, we propose a novel illustrative technique that offers a seamless transition between various levels of abstraction and detail. Using a single comprehensive parameter, users are able to quickly define a visual representation per structure that fits the visualization requirements for focus and context structures. This technique can be applied to any biomedical context in which multiple surfaces are routinely visualized, such as neurosurgery, radiotherapy planning or drug design. Additionally, we introduce a novel hatching technique, that runs in real-time and does not require texture coordinates. An informal evaluation with experts from different biomedical domains reveals that our technique allows users to design focus-and-context visualizations in a fast and intuitive manner.},
  event = {VCBM 2016},
  images = {images/Smit-2016-SLINE.PNG},
  keywords = {surface rendering, medical visualization, illustrative rendering},
  location = {Bergen, Norway},
  pdf = {pdfs/Lichtenberg-2016-SLINE.pdf},
  thumbnails = {images/Smit-2016-SLINE.jpg}
}